Chronic Cough

Chronic cough is a cough that lasts for 8 weeks or longer in adults, or 4 weeks or longer in children. It is one of the most common reasons for people to visit their doctor. Chronic cough can be caused by a variety of conditions, including allergies, asthma, acid reflux, and postnasal drip. It can also be caused by certain medications, such as ACE inhibitors, or environmental irritants, such as smoke or dust.

Chronic cough can have a significant impact on quality of life, as it can interfere with sleep, work, and other activities. It can also lead to other health problems, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Diagnosis of chronic cough is based on a thorough medical history and physical examination, as well as tests to rule out other conditions.

Treatment of chronic cough depends on the underlying cause. Treatment may include lifestyle changes, such as avoiding triggers, or medications, such as antihistamines or bronchodilators. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat the underlying cause.

• A dry, hacking cough
• A wet, productive cough
• Coughing up mucus or phlegm
• Wheezing or a whistling sound when breathing
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain or tightness
• Hoarseness
• Sore throat

If you have a chronic cough, it is important to see your doctor to determine the underlying cause. Treatment will depend on the cause, but may include medications, lifestyle changes, or other therapies.

Allergies

Allergies are one of the most common causes of chronic cough. Allergens such as dust, pollen, and pet dander can trigger a reaction in the body that leads to coughing. Allergies can also cause other symptoms such as sneezing, itchy eyes, and a runny nose.

Asthma

Asthma is another common cause of chronic cough. Asthma is a chronic condition that causes the airways to become inflamed and narrowed, leading to difficulty breathing and coughing. Asthma can also cause wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition in which stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation. This can lead to a chronic cough, as well as other symptoms such as heartburn and chest pain.

Postnasal Drip

Postnasal drip is a condition in which mucus accumulates in the back of the throat. This can lead to a chronic cough, as well as other symptoms such as a sore throat and a feeling of mucus dripping down the back of the throat.

Infections

Infections such as bronchitis, pneumonia, and the common cold can cause a chronic cough. These infections can also cause other symptoms such as fever, body aches, and fatigue.

Medications

Certain medications can cause a chronic cough as a side effect. These medications include ACE inhibitors, which are used to treat high blood pressure, and beta blockers, which are used to treat heart conditions.

Smoking

Smoking is a major cause of chronic cough. The chemicals in cigarettes can irritate the airways, leading to coughing. Smoking can also cause other symptoms such as shortness of breath and wheezing.

Medical History

The doctor will ask questions about the patient's medical history, including any medications they are taking, any allergies they have, and any other medical conditions they may have. The doctor will also ask about the patient's lifestyle, such as whether they smoke or have been exposed to secondhand smoke, and whether they have been exposed to any environmental irritants.

Physical Exam

The doctor will also perform a physical exam to look for signs of infection or other medical conditions. This may include listening to the patient's lungs with a stethoscope, checking for swollen lymph nodes, and examining the patient's throat and nose.

Additional Tests

Depending on the results of the medical history and physical exam, the doctor may recommend additional tests to help diagnose the cause of the chronic cough. These tests may include chest X-rays, CT scans, pulmonary function tests, and blood tests. The doctor may also recommend allergy testing or a bronchoscopy to look for signs of infection or other medical conditions.

Treatment

Once the cause of the chronic cough has been identified, the doctor will recommend a treatment plan. Treatment may include medications, lifestyle changes, or other therapies. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat the underlying cause of the chronic cough.

Medical History

Your doctor will want to know your medical history, including any other medical conditions you may have, any medications you are taking, and any allergies you may have. This information will help your doctor determine the cause of your chronic cough.

Symptoms

Your doctor will want to know the symptoms you are experiencing with your chronic cough. This includes the frequency of the cough, the type of cough (dry or wet), and any other symptoms you may be experiencing such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or wheezing.

Triggers

Your doctor will also want to know what triggers your chronic cough. This includes any environmental triggers such as dust, smoke, or pollen, as well as any activities that may trigger your cough such as exercise or talking.

Treatment Options

Your doctor will discuss treatment options with you based on the cause of your chronic cough. Treatment options may include medications, lifestyle changes, or other treatments such as allergy shots or inhalers.

Follow-up Appointments

Your doctor may recommend follow-up appointments to monitor your progress and make sure the treatment is working. It is important to keep these appointments to ensure that your chronic cough is being managed properly.

Medications

Medications are often the first line of treatment for chronic cough. Antihistamines, decongestants, and cough suppressants can help reduce the frequency and severity of coughing. Inhaled corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation in the airways. If acid reflux is the cause of the cough, medications such as proton pump inhibitors can help reduce the amount of acid in the stomach.

Lifestyle Changes

Making lifestyle changes can also help reduce the symptoms of chronic cough. Avoiding triggers such as dust, smoke, and pet dander can help reduce the frequency and severity of coughing. Quitting smoking can also help reduce the symptoms of chronic cough. Additionally, avoiding foods and beverages that can trigger acid reflux can help reduce the symptoms of chronic cough.

Surgery

In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat chronic cough. Surgery may be recommended to remove polyps or tumors in the airways that are causing the cough. Surgery may also be recommended to repair a deviated septum or to remove enlarged tonsils or adenoids.

Alternative Treatments

There are also a number of alternative treatments that may be used to treat chronic cough. Acupuncture, herbal remedies, and breathing exercises can all help reduce the symptoms of chronic cough. Additionally, some people find relief from chronic cough with yoga, meditation, and other relaxation techniques.

Antihistamines

Antihistamines are medications that block the action of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction. They are commonly used to treat allergies and can also be used to treat chronic cough caused by allergies. Examples of antihistamines include loratadine (Claritin), cetirizine (Zyrtec), and fexofenadine (Allegra).

Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids are medications that reduce inflammation in the body. They can be used to treat chronic cough caused by asthma or other inflammatory conditions. Examples of corticosteroids include prednisone, budesonide (Pulmicort), and fluticasone (Flonase).

Expectorants

Expectorants are medications that help thin mucus and make it easier to cough up. They can be used to treat chronic cough caused by bronchitis or other conditions that cause mucus buildup in the lungs. Examples of expectorants include guaifenesin (Mucinex) and potassium iodide (SSKI).

Antitussives

Antitussives are medications that suppress the cough reflex. They can be used to treat chronic cough caused by bronchitis or other conditions that cause a persistent cough. Examples of antitussives include dextromethorphan (Robitussin) and codeine.

Conclusion

Chronic cough can be caused by a variety of factors, and treatment typically involves medications that can help reduce the underlying cause. Antihistamines, corticosteroids, expectorants, and antitussives are all medications that may be prescribed to treat chronic cough.

What to Eat

When it comes to managing chronic cough, there are certain foods that can help reduce symptoms and improve overall health. These include:

• Fruits and vegetables: Fruits and vegetables are packed with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that can help boost the immune system and reduce inflammation. Eating a variety of fruits and vegetables can also help reduce the risk of developing chronic cough.
• Whole grains: Whole grains are a great source of fiber, which can help reduce inflammation and improve digestion. Eating whole grains can also help reduce the risk of developing chronic cough.
• Lean proteins: Lean proteins, such as fish, chicken, and beans, are a great source of essential nutrients that can help reduce inflammation and improve overall health. Eating lean proteins can also help reduce the risk of developing chronic cough.
• Healthy fats: Healthy fats, such as olive oil, avocados, and nuts, are a great source of essential fatty acids that can help reduce inflammation and improve overall health. Eating healthy fats can also help reduce the risk of developing chronic cough.

What to Avoid

In addition to eating certain foods, it is also important to avoid certain foods that can worsen chronic cough symptoms. These include:

• Processed foods: Processed foods are high in sugar, salt, and unhealthy fats, which can worsen inflammation and increase the risk of developing chronic cough.
• Dairy products: Dairy products, such as milk, cheese, and yogurt, can worsen inflammation and increase the risk of developing chronic cough.
• Alcohol: Alcohol can worsen inflammation and increase the risk of developing chronic cough.
• Caffeine: Caffeine can worsen inflammation and increase the risk of developing chronic cough.

Conclusion

Chronic cough can be a difficult condition to manage, but diet can play an important role. Eating certain foods, such as fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats, can help reduce symptoms and improve overall health. Avoiding processed foods, dairy products, alcohol, and caffeine can also help reduce symptoms and improve overall health.

Avoid Irritants

The first step in managing chronic cough is to identify and avoid any irritants that may be triggering the coughing episodes. Common irritants include cigarette smoke, dust, pet dander, and strong odors. If you are exposed to any of these, try to limit your exposure as much as possible. Additionally, if you suffer from allergies, take steps to reduce your exposure to allergens, such as keeping windows closed and using air filters.

Stay Hydrated

Staying hydrated is essential for managing chronic cough. Drinking plenty of fluids helps thin mucus and reduce coughing. Aim to drink at least 8 glasses of water per day. Additionally, you can try drinking herbal teas, such as chamomile or ginger, which can help soothe the throat and reduce coughing.

Manage Stress

Stress can worsen chronic cough, so it is important to find ways to manage stress. Exercise, yoga, and meditation can all help reduce stress levels. Additionally, talking to a therapist or counselor can help you learn coping strategies for managing stress.

Get Enough Sleep

Getting enough sleep is essential for managing chronic cough. Aim to get at least 7-8 hours of sleep per night. Additionally, try to go to bed and wake up at the same time each day. This will help regulate your body’s internal clock and make it easier to fall asleep.

See a Doctor

If lifestyle changes do not help reduce your chronic cough, it is important to see a doctor. Your doctor can help diagnose the underlying cause of your cough and recommend treatments to help reduce coughing episodes.